Abstract
SUMMARYPatients with suppressed immunity are at the highest risk for hospital-acquired infections. Among these, invasive candidiasis is the most prevalent systemic fungal nosocomial infection. Over recent decades, the combined prevalence of non-albicans Candida species outranked Candida albicans infections in several geographical regions worldwide, highlighting the need to understand their pathobiology in order to develop effective treatment and to prevent future outbreaks. Candida parapsilosis is the second or third most frequently isolated Candida species from patients. Besides being highly prevalent, its biology differs markedly from that of C. albicans, which may be associated with C. parapsilosis' increased incidence. Differences in virulence, regulatory and antifungal drug resistance mechanisms, and the patient groups at risk indicate that conclusions drawn from C. albicans pathobiology cannot be simply extrapolated to C. parapsilosis Such species-specific characteristics may also influence their recognition and elimination by the host and the efficacy of antifungal drugs. Due to the availability of high-throughput, state-of-the-art experimental tools and molecular genetic methods adapted to C. parapsilosis, genome and transcriptome studies are now available that greatly contribute to our understanding of what makes this species a threat. In this review, we summarize 10 years of findings on C. parapsilosis pathogenesis, including the species' genetic properties, transcriptome studies, host responses, and molecular mechanisms of virulence. Antifungal susceptibility studies and clinician perspectives are discussed. We also present regional incidence reports in order to provide an updated worldwide epidemiology summary.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Clinical microbiology reviews |
| Volume | 32 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - márc. 20 2019 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Epidemiology
- Immunology and Microbiology(all)
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Microbiology (medical)
- Infectious Diseases
Cite this
Candida parapsilosis : from Genes to the Bedside. / Tóth, Renáta; Nosek, Jozef; Mora-Montes, Héctor M.; Gabaldon, Toni; Bliss, Joseph M.; Nosanchuk, Joshua D.; Turner, Siobhán A.; Butler, Geraldine; Vágvölgyi, C.; Gácser, A.
In: Clinical microbiology reviews, Vol. 32, No. 2, 20.03.2019.Research output: Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Candida parapsilosis
T2 - from Genes to the Bedside
AU - Tóth, Renáta
AU - Nosek, Jozef
AU - Mora-Montes, Héctor M.
AU - Gabaldon, Toni
AU - Bliss, Joseph M.
AU - Nosanchuk, Joshua D.
AU - Turner, Siobhán A.
AU - Butler, Geraldine
AU - Vágvölgyi, C.
AU - Gácser, A.
PY - 2019/3/20
Y1 - 2019/3/20
N2 - SUMMARYPatients with suppressed immunity are at the highest risk for hospital-acquired infections. Among these, invasive candidiasis is the most prevalent systemic fungal nosocomial infection. Over recent decades, the combined prevalence of non-albicans Candida species outranked Candida albicans infections in several geographical regions worldwide, highlighting the need to understand their pathobiology in order to develop effective treatment and to prevent future outbreaks. Candida parapsilosis is the second or third most frequently isolated Candida species from patients. Besides being highly prevalent, its biology differs markedly from that of C. albicans, which may be associated with C. parapsilosis' increased incidence. Differences in virulence, regulatory and antifungal drug resistance mechanisms, and the patient groups at risk indicate that conclusions drawn from C. albicans pathobiology cannot be simply extrapolated to C. parapsilosis Such species-specific characteristics may also influence their recognition and elimination by the host and the efficacy of antifungal drugs. Due to the availability of high-throughput, state-of-the-art experimental tools and molecular genetic methods adapted to C. parapsilosis, genome and transcriptome studies are now available that greatly contribute to our understanding of what makes this species a threat. In this review, we summarize 10 years of findings on C. parapsilosis pathogenesis, including the species' genetic properties, transcriptome studies, host responses, and molecular mechanisms of virulence. Antifungal susceptibility studies and clinician perspectives are discussed. We also present regional incidence reports in order to provide an updated worldwide epidemiology summary.
AB - SUMMARYPatients with suppressed immunity are at the highest risk for hospital-acquired infections. Among these, invasive candidiasis is the most prevalent systemic fungal nosocomial infection. Over recent decades, the combined prevalence of non-albicans Candida species outranked Candida albicans infections in several geographical regions worldwide, highlighting the need to understand their pathobiology in order to develop effective treatment and to prevent future outbreaks. Candida parapsilosis is the second or third most frequently isolated Candida species from patients. Besides being highly prevalent, its biology differs markedly from that of C. albicans, which may be associated with C. parapsilosis' increased incidence. Differences in virulence, regulatory and antifungal drug resistance mechanisms, and the patient groups at risk indicate that conclusions drawn from C. albicans pathobiology cannot be simply extrapolated to C. parapsilosis Such species-specific characteristics may also influence their recognition and elimination by the host and the efficacy of antifungal drugs. Due to the availability of high-throughput, state-of-the-art experimental tools and molecular genetic methods adapted to C. parapsilosis, genome and transcriptome studies are now available that greatly contribute to our understanding of what makes this species a threat. In this review, we summarize 10 years of findings on C. parapsilosis pathogenesis, including the species' genetic properties, transcriptome studies, host responses, and molecular mechanisms of virulence. Antifungal susceptibility studies and clinician perspectives are discussed. We also present regional incidence reports in order to provide an updated worldwide epidemiology summary.
KW - antifungal
KW - Candida parapsilosis
KW - epidemiology
KW - experimental tools
KW - genome
KW - host response
KW - pathogenicity
KW - treatment
KW - virulence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062409041&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85062409041&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1128/CMR.00111-18
DO - 10.1128/CMR.00111-18
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30814115
AN - SCOPUS:85062409041
VL - 32
JO - Clinical Microbiology Reviews
JF - Clinical Microbiology Reviews
SN - 0893-8512
IS - 2
ER -