Abstract
In highly alloyed and duplex stainless steels the range of alloying elements leads to many different phases precipitating at higher temperatures. Duplex stainless steels consist of almost equal ratios of austenite and ferrite, and between 923 and 1273 K the ferrite begins decomposing into secondary austenite (γ2) and the σ phase. Several orientation relations between the austenitic, ferritic and σ phases have been determined by other researchers. The calculation and testing of mathematical expressions for these orientations are important for a close understanding of changes in duplex steel hardness, ductility, and other qualitative measures imposed by annealing or heat ageing. The method described in this article also offers an approach for determining parent phase orientations from inherited orientations in other metallic microstructures. When the orientation relations of adjacent grains calculated from mathematical equations and those measured by electron backscatter diffraction were compared, naturally it was found that the average orientation differs less between grains that inherit matrix structure from common parents. However, it was also found that the degree of difference depended on the variants involved in the orientations. This phenomenon can be explained by features of the microstructure and decomposition of the ferritic phase: initially the microstructure contains only primary austenite (γ1) and ferrite, then after a while it contains [beside primary (γ1) austenite] increasing amounts of secondary (γ2) austenite and the σ phase, and decreasing amounts of ferrite. The presence of two variants of austenite makes it difficult to verify parent relations for secondary (γ2) austenites.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 135-141 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Journal of Applied Crystallography |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2013 |
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Keywords
- austenite
- duplex stainless steel
- electron backscatter diffraction
- ferrite
- sigma phase
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Cite this
Crystallographic relations during decomposition of the ferritic phase by isothermal ageing of duplex stainless steel. / Berecz, Tibor; Szabó, P.
In: Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 46, No. 1, 02.2013, p. 135-141.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Crystallographic relations during decomposition of the ferritic phase by isothermal ageing of duplex stainless steel
AU - Berecz, Tibor
AU - Szabó, P.
PY - 2013/2
Y1 - 2013/2
N2 - In highly alloyed and duplex stainless steels the range of alloying elements leads to many different phases precipitating at higher temperatures. Duplex stainless steels consist of almost equal ratios of austenite and ferrite, and between 923 and 1273 K the ferrite begins decomposing into secondary austenite (γ2) and the σ phase. Several orientation relations between the austenitic, ferritic and σ phases have been determined by other researchers. The calculation and testing of mathematical expressions for these orientations are important for a close understanding of changes in duplex steel hardness, ductility, and other qualitative measures imposed by annealing or heat ageing. The method described in this article also offers an approach for determining parent phase orientations from inherited orientations in other metallic microstructures. When the orientation relations of adjacent grains calculated from mathematical equations and those measured by electron backscatter diffraction were compared, naturally it was found that the average orientation differs less between grains that inherit matrix structure from common parents. However, it was also found that the degree of difference depended on the variants involved in the orientations. This phenomenon can be explained by features of the microstructure and decomposition of the ferritic phase: initially the microstructure contains only primary austenite (γ1) and ferrite, then after a while it contains [beside primary (γ1) austenite] increasing amounts of secondary (γ2) austenite and the σ phase, and decreasing amounts of ferrite. The presence of two variants of austenite makes it difficult to verify parent relations for secondary (γ2) austenites.
AB - In highly alloyed and duplex stainless steels the range of alloying elements leads to many different phases precipitating at higher temperatures. Duplex stainless steels consist of almost equal ratios of austenite and ferrite, and between 923 and 1273 K the ferrite begins decomposing into secondary austenite (γ2) and the σ phase. Several orientation relations between the austenitic, ferritic and σ phases have been determined by other researchers. The calculation and testing of mathematical expressions for these orientations are important for a close understanding of changes in duplex steel hardness, ductility, and other qualitative measures imposed by annealing or heat ageing. The method described in this article also offers an approach for determining parent phase orientations from inherited orientations in other metallic microstructures. When the orientation relations of adjacent grains calculated from mathematical equations and those measured by electron backscatter diffraction were compared, naturally it was found that the average orientation differs less between grains that inherit matrix structure from common parents. However, it was also found that the degree of difference depended on the variants involved in the orientations. This phenomenon can be explained by features of the microstructure and decomposition of the ferritic phase: initially the microstructure contains only primary austenite (γ1) and ferrite, then after a while it contains [beside primary (γ1) austenite] increasing amounts of secondary (γ2) austenite and the σ phase, and decreasing amounts of ferrite. The presence of two variants of austenite makes it difficult to verify parent relations for secondary (γ2) austenites.
KW - austenite
KW - duplex stainless steel
KW - electron backscatter diffraction
KW - ferrite
KW - sigma phase
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84872738437&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84872738437&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1107/S0021889812044536
DO - 10.1107/S0021889812044536
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84872738437
VL - 46
SP - 135
EP - 141
JO - Journal of Applied Crystallography
JF - Journal of Applied Crystallography
SN - 0021-8898
IS - 1
ER -