Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a spectrum of injury, ranging from simple steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Regular alcohol use results in fatty changes in the liver which can develop into inflammation, fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis with continued, excessive drinking. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute hepatic inflammation associated with significant morbidity and mortality that can occur in patients with steatosis or underlying cirrhosis. The pathogenesis of ALD is multifactorial and in addition to genetic factors, alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage, reactive oxygen species, gut-derived microbial components result in steatosis and inflammatory cell (macrophage and neutrophil leukocyte) recruitment and activation in the liver. Continued alcohol and pro-inflammatory cytokines induce stellate cell activation and result in progressive fibrosis. Other than cessation of alcohol use, medical therapy of AH is limited to prednisolone in a subset of patients. Given the high mortality of AH and the progressive nature of ALD, there is a major need for new therapeutic intervention for this underserved patient population.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 408-416 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 1 2019 |
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Keywords
- ABIC score
- alcoholic hepatitis
- alcoholic liver disease
- alcoholic steatohepatitis
- glascow alcoholic hepatitis score
- lille score
- maddrey score
- MELD score
- pro-inflammatory cytokines
- stellate cell activation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Toxicology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
Alcoholic Hepatitis : A Review. / Hosseini, Nooshin; Shor, Julia; Szabó, G.
In: Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire), Vol. 54, No. 4, 01.07.2019, p. 408-416.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Alcoholic Hepatitis
T2 - A Review
AU - Hosseini, Nooshin
AU - Shor, Julia
AU - Szabó, G.
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a spectrum of injury, ranging from simple steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Regular alcohol use results in fatty changes in the liver which can develop into inflammation, fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis with continued, excessive drinking. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute hepatic inflammation associated with significant morbidity and mortality that can occur in patients with steatosis or underlying cirrhosis. The pathogenesis of ALD is multifactorial and in addition to genetic factors, alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage, reactive oxygen species, gut-derived microbial components result in steatosis and inflammatory cell (macrophage and neutrophil leukocyte) recruitment and activation in the liver. Continued alcohol and pro-inflammatory cytokines induce stellate cell activation and result in progressive fibrosis. Other than cessation of alcohol use, medical therapy of AH is limited to prednisolone in a subset of patients. Given the high mortality of AH and the progressive nature of ALD, there is a major need for new therapeutic intervention for this underserved patient population.
AB - Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) represents a spectrum of injury, ranging from simple steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Regular alcohol use results in fatty changes in the liver which can develop into inflammation, fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis with continued, excessive drinking. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute hepatic inflammation associated with significant morbidity and mortality that can occur in patients with steatosis or underlying cirrhosis. The pathogenesis of ALD is multifactorial and in addition to genetic factors, alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage, reactive oxygen species, gut-derived microbial components result in steatosis and inflammatory cell (macrophage and neutrophil leukocyte) recruitment and activation in the liver. Continued alcohol and pro-inflammatory cytokines induce stellate cell activation and result in progressive fibrosis. Other than cessation of alcohol use, medical therapy of AH is limited to prednisolone in a subset of patients. Given the high mortality of AH and the progressive nature of ALD, there is a major need for new therapeutic intervention for this underserved patient population.
KW - ABIC score
KW - alcoholic hepatitis
KW - alcoholic liver disease
KW - alcoholic steatohepatitis
KW - glascow alcoholic hepatitis score
KW - lille score
KW - maddrey score
KW - MELD score
KW - pro-inflammatory cytokines
KW - stellate cell activation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85070849241&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85070849241&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/alcalc/agz036
DO - 10.1093/alcalc/agz036
M3 - Article
C2 - 31219169
AN - SCOPUS:85070849241
VL - 54
SP - 408
EP - 416
JO - Alcohol and Alcoholism
JF - Alcohol and Alcoholism
SN - 0735-0414
IS - 4
ER -